What Is Non-Lethal Aid? What America’s $60 Million Could Buy For Syrian Rebels

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By Maya Shwayder | March 1, 2013 4:53 AM EST

At a meeting of the Friends of Syria in Rome on Thursday, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry announced that Washington would be pledging $60 million in “non-lethal supplies” to Syrian opposition forces.

Reuters/Jacquelyn Martin/Pool
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry jokes with Virginia Walker, 9, during a visit with Tri-Mission Rome Embassy staff and families in Rome February 28, 2013.

The announcement, while a shift in U.S. policy, up to this point of non-intervention in the Syrian conflict, was still a disappointment for Syrian opposition leaders who have been requesting military aid from the West since nearly the beginning of the civil war, two years ago, Reuters said.

The rebels, who are requesting the latest in U.S. anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons, are instead getting U.S. Army rations and medical supplies. CBS reported that the U.S. will also be sending technical advisers to the Syrian National Coalition in Cairo, to help spend the aid on “good governance and rule of law.”

The U.S. will not be providing bullet-proof vests, armored vehicles, or military training, as the Syrians had also requested. Further details on what, exactly, Washington will be sending, were not immediately forthcoming, either from the press conference in Rome or from the State Department.

Some U.S. lawmakers who are jostling for a full about-face in policy. Speaking at the Washington Institute on Wednesday after having returned from an official visit to the Middle East the previous week, U.S. Senator Marco Rubio, Republican of Florida, said that opposition forces in Syria were feeling great frustration at the lack of Western support. “There is resentment building among the Syrian opposition that the West, and the U.S. in particular, has abandoned them,” Rubio said. “They rise up to exercise their freedom and fight for principles we say we’re founded on, and we do nothing to support them. They feel anger.”

The U.S. has provided $385 million so far in humanitarian aid to various programs through the U.N., and $54 million in communications equipment, the State Department said earlier in February. But Rubio, who is already being tapped to run for president in 2016, noted that arms are still flooding into Syria, mostly from the Gulf countries.

“What the opposition really needs is access to ammunition,” Rubio said.  “That’s a step that I’m prepared to advocate for, the provision of ammunition to resistance groups with whom we could build long-term dialogue.”

One option the U.S. has is to follow the Libya route. During the Libyan civil war, which is often compared to the Syrian conflict, the U.S. supplied the Libyan resistance with $25 million in non-lethal aid. That package consisted of “surplus American goods to help protect civilians,” including medical supplies, uniforms, boots, tents, vehicles, fuel trucks and fuel bladders, ambulances, personal protective gear, binoculars, non-secure radios, and Halal meals, the Washington Times and Fox News reported at the time. The news of the U.S.’s contribution to Libya was met with similar groans of frustration from the Libyan rebels, who had, like their Syrian counterparts today, been hoping for something with a little more bang.

The New York Times later revealed that U.S. President Barack Obama had secretly approved arms shipments to Libya, and those arms ended up in the hands of Islamist militants. One of Washington’s major fears about arming Syrian rebels would be that the weapons might end up with Hezbollah in Lebanon.

Of course, the West did intervene in Libya, after the U.S. pressured the U.N.  into authorizing a Western military intervention, and the U.S. established a no-fly zone over Libya, allowing NATO to perform a series of airstrikes against pro-Gadhafi forces.

Establishing a no-fly zone over Syria has been debated, and Turkey in particular has been pushing the idea after its southern region suffered deaths and damage from Syrian shells.

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(Photo: Reuters/Jacquelyn Martin/Pool / )
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry jokes with Virginia Walker, 9, during a visit with Tri-Mission Rome Embassy staff and families in Rome February 28, 2013.
(Photo: Reuters/Jacquelyn Martin/Pool / )
A peace activist holds up a yellow placard in protest during statements by U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, Syrian National Coalition President Mouaz al-Khatib and Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi, at Villa Madama in Rome February 28, 2013.
(Photo: Reuters / )
Destruction and debris are seen in Al-Suwayqa neighborhood in the old city of Aleppo, Syria, after Assad regime forces captured the area from the Free Syrian Army on Monday, Feb. 25, 2013.
(Photo: Reuters/Shaam News Network / )
Free Syrian Army fighters stand next to a home-made rocket launcher in Sermeen near Idlib, October 17, 2012.
(Photo: Reuters/Goran Tomasevic / )
A Free Syrian Army fighter uses a shotgun to fire a homemade grenade at Syrian Army soldiers during a fight in the Arabeen neighbourhood of Damascus Jan. 24.
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